abstract：:Alpacas develop diminished disease following bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection compared to cattle. We hypothesized that alpaca and bovine cells have differential permissiveness and responses to BVDV infection. To characterize alpaca testicular (AT) and bovine turbinate (BT) cells BVDV infection permissivene...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Samson HC,Topliff CL,Donis RO,Kelling CL

更新日期：2011-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Glycoproteins gB and gH/gL are required for entry of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) into cells, but the role of each glycoprotein and how they function together to mediate fusion is unclear. Analysis of the functional homology of gB from the closely related primate gammaherpesvirus, rhesus lymphocryptovirus (Rh-LCV), showed...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Plate AE,Reimer JJ,Jardetzky TS,Longnecker R

更新日期：2011-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Although H5N1 influenza viruses have been responsible for hundreds of human infections, these avian influenza viruses have not fully adapted to the human host. The lack of sustained transmission in humans may be due, in part, to their avian-like receptor preference. Here, we have introduced receptor binding domain mut...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Maines TR,Chen LM,Van Hoeven N,Tumpey TM,Blixt O,Belser JA,Gustin KM,Pearce MB,Pappas C,Stevens J,Cox NJ,Paulson JC,Raman R,Sasisekharan R,Katz JM,Donis RO

更新日期：2011-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The transmembrane envelope (TM) proteins of retroviruses are used as antigen in diagnostic immunoassays and they represent a conserved target for neutralizing antibodies. To analyze the situation in infections with the feline foamy virus (FFV), its recombinant TM protein was produced and used for ELISA and Western blo...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Mühle M,Bleiholder A,Kolb S,Hübner J,Löchelt M,Denner J

更新日期：2011-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Adenovirus (Ad) endosomal membrane penetration activates the NLRP3 inflammasome by releasing lysosomal cathepsin B (catB) into the cytoplasm. We therefore examined the extent to which inflammasome activation correlates with Ad colocalization with catB-enriched lysosomes. Inflammasome activation, is greater during infe...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Barlan AU,Danthi P,Wiethoff CM

更新日期：2011-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Economic loss due to viral endothelial cell necrosis of eel (VECNE) of Anguilla japonica is a serious problem for the cultured Japanese eel market. However, the viral genome responsible for VECNE is unknown. We recently developed a rapid determination system for viral nucleic acid sequences (RDV) to determine viral ge...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Mizutani T,Sayama Y,Nakanishi A,Ochiai H,Sakai K,Wakabayashi K,Tanaka N,Miura E,Oba M,Kurane I,Saijo M,Morikawa S,Ono S

更新日期：2011-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared the outcome of different cellular and viral factors on the regulation of the HPV-16 early viral gene expression in trophoblastic and cervical cancer cells. A high variability of the long control (LCR) activity was observed, prompting us to evaluate the role of secreted factors in the control of the early g...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Weyn C,Vanderwinden JM,Rasschaert J,Englert Y,Fontaine V

更新日期：2011-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Enteroviruses (EV) frequently infect the central nervous system (CNS) and induce neurological diseases. Although the CNS is composed of many different cell types, the spectrum of tropism for each EV is considerable. These viruses have the ability to completely shut down host translational machinery and are considered ...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Rhoades RE,Tabor-Godwin JM,Tsueng G,Feuer R

更新日期：2011-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The Hepatitis B virus precore protein is processed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) into secreted hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), which acts as an immune tolerogen to establish chronic infection. Downregulation of secreted HBeAg should improve clinical outcome, as patients who effectively respond to current treatments...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Walsh R,Nuttall S,Revill P,Colledge D,Cabuang L,Soppe S,Dolezal O,Griffiths K,Bartholomeusz A,Locarnini S

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The protruding (P) domain of norovirus VP1 is responsible for immune recognition and host receptor interaction. Our previous studies have demonstrated that a modification of the ends of the P domain affects the conformation and/or function of the P protein. An expression of the P domain with or without the hinge, or w...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Tan M,Fang PA,Xia M,Chachiyo T,Jiang W,Jiang X

更新日期：2011-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV) co-linear gene and potential functional homolog of HCMV UL84 (GP84) was investigated. The GP84 gene had delayed early transcription kinetics and transient expression studies of GP84 protein (pGP84) demonstrated that it targeted the nucleus and co-localized with the viral DNA poly...

journal_title：Virology

authors： McGregor A,Choi KY,Schleiss MR

更新日期：2011-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Walleye dermal sarcoma virus encodes a retroviral cyclin (rv-cyclin) with a cyclin box fold and transcription activation domain (AD). Co-immune precipitation (co-IP) identified an association of rv-cyclin with cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (cdk8). Cdk8 is dependent upon cyclin C and regulates transcription with the Mediat...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Brewster CD,Birkenheuer CH,Vogt MB,Quackenbush SL,Rovnak J

更新日期：2011-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Neutralizing antibodies (Nabs) are thought to play an important role in prevention and control of HIV-1 infection and should be targeted by an AIDS vaccine. It is critical to understand how HIV-1 induces Nabs by analyzing viral sequences in both tested viruses and sera. Neutralization susceptibility to antibodies in a...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Kirchherr JL,Hamilton J,Lu X,Gnanakaran S,Muldoon M,Daniels M,Kasongo W,Chalwe V,Mulenga C,Mwananyanda L,Musonda RM,Yuan X,Montefiori DC,Korber BT,Haynes BF,Gao F

更新日期：2011-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Picornavirus RNA translation is driven by the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) element. The impact of RNA structure on the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) IRES activity has been analyzed using Selective 2'Hydroxyl Acylation analyzed by Primer Extension (SHAPE) and high throughput analysis of RNA conformation by...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Fernández N,García-Sacristán A,Ramajo J,Briones C,Martínez-Salas E

更新日期：2011-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Oral transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in adult populations is rare. However, HIV spread across fetal/neonatal oropharyngeal epithelia could be important in mother-to-child transmission. Analysis of HIV transmission across polarized adult and fetal oral epithelial cells revealed that HIV transmigrates...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Tugizov SM,Herrera R,Veluppillai P,Greenspan D,Soros V,Greene WC,Levy JA,Palefsky JM

更新日期：2011-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Influenza virus has a segmented genome composed of eight negative stranded RNA segments. Each segment is covered with NP forming ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs) and carries a copy of the heterotrimeric polymerase complex. As a rare phenomenon among the RNA viruses, the viral replication occurs in the nucleus and therefore ...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Boulo S,Akarsu H,Lotteau V,Müller CW,Ruigrok RW,Baudin F

更新日期：2011-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Insertion of nucleotide sequences encoding "tags" that can be expressed in specific viral proteins during an infection is a useful strategy for purifying viral proteins and their functional complexes from infected cells and/or for visualizing the dynamics of their subcellular location over time. To identify regions in...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Teterina NL,Lauber C,Jensen KS,Levenson EA,Gorbalenya AE,Ehrenfeld E

更新日期：2011-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) occlusion-derived virus (ODV) envelope protein ODV-E56 is essential for oral infection of larvae of Heliothis virescens. Bioassays with recombinant clones of AcMNPV lacking a functional odv-e56 gene showed that ODV-E56 was required for infectivity of bo...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Sparks WO,Harrison RL,Bonning BC

更新日期：2011-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies using transformed human cell lines suggest that most SIV strains use CCR5 as co-receptor. Our analysis of primary rhesus macaque CD4(+) T-cell clones revealed marked differences in susceptibility to SIV(mac)239 infection. We investigated whether different levels of CCR5 expression account for clonal difference...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Minang JT,Trivett MT,Barsov EV,Del Prete GQ,Trubey CM,Thomas JA,Gorelick RJ,Piatak M Jr,Ott DE,Ohlen C

更新日期：2011-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) ac92 is a core gene encoding a protein associated with occlusion derived virus (ODV), binds human P53 and also has flavin adenine dinucleotide linked sulfhydryl oxidase activity but its role in the virus life cycle is not known. To determine ac92 function a...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Nie Y,Fang M,Theilmann DA

更新日期：2011-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:A natural variation is observed at position 4 of the 3'-end of influenza A virus genomes, where U (U4) or C (C4) is present. The replicon activity of C4 was 28% of U4. We compared the transcription and replication activity of U4 [v84(U4)], C4 [v84(C4)] and the complimentary RNA (c84) using the purified influenza virus...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Jiang H,Zhang S,Wang Q,Wang J,Geng L,Toyoda T

更新日期：2010-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:It is likely that phylogroup 2 lyssaviruses circulate within bat reservoirs. We adapted a pseudotype (pt) neutralisation assay (PNA) to a multiplex format enabling serosurveillance for Lagos bat virus (LBV), Mokola virus (MOKV) and West Caucasian bat virus (WCBV) in a potential reservoir, the African straw-coloured fr...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Wright E,Hayman DT,Vaughan A,Temperton NJ,Wood JL,Cunningham AA,Suu-Ire R,Weiss RA,Fooks AR

更新日期：2010-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The hemagglutinin of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus is a derivative of and is antigenically related to classical swine but not to seasonal human H1N1 viruses. We compared the A/California/7/2009 (CA/7/09) virus recommended by the WHO as the reference virus for vaccine development, with two classical swine infl...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Min JY,Chen GL,Santos C,Lamirande EW,Matsuoka Y,Subbarao K

更新日期：2010-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Edible vaccines that can be made widely available and easily administered could bring great benefit to the worldwide battle against pandemic viral infections. They can be used not only for the vaccination of humans and domesticated animals, but also for wild herds and live stock which are otherwise difficult to vaccin...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Lei H,Xu Y,Chen J,Wei X,Lam DM

更新日期：2010-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The human polyomavirus BK virus (BKV) is an important opportunistic pathogen whose disease prevalence continues to increase with the growing immunocompromised population. To date, the major determinant of replication in cell culture has not been formally proven. BKV exists as archetype virus and rearranged variants, w...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Broekema NM,Abend JR,Bennett SM,Butel JS,Vanchiere JA,Imperiale MJ

更新日期：2010-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:HPV-16 is the major causes of cervical cancer. Persistence of infection is a necessary event for progression of the infection to cancer. Among other factors, virus persistence is due the viral proteins fighting the immune response. HPV-16 E5 down-regulates MHC/HLA class I, which is much reduced on the cell surface and...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Campo MS,Graham SV,Cortese MS,Ashrafi GH,Araibi EH,Dornan ES,Miners K,Nunes C,Man S

更新日期：2010-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The P150 and P90 replicase proteins of rubella virus (RUBV), a plus-strand RNA Togavirus, produce a unique cytoplasmic fiber network resembling microtubules. Pharmacological and mutagenic approaches were used to determine if these fibers functioned in virus replication. The pharmacological approach revealed that micro...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Matthews JD,Tzeng WP,Frey TK

更新日期：2010-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathogenic simian-human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIV) contain HIV-1 Vpu and SIV Nef, both shown to counteract BST-2 (HM1.24; CD317; tetherin) inhibition of virus release in a species-specific manner. We show that human and pig-tailed BST-2 (ptBST-2) restrict SHIV. We found that sequential "humanization" of the trans...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Ruiz A,Lau D,Mitchell RS,Hill MS,Schmitt K,Guatelli JC,Stephens EB

更新日期：2010-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the newest niches for baculoviruses-based technologies is their use as vectors for mammalian cell transduction and gene therapy applications. However, an outstanding safety issue related to such use is the residual expression of viral genes in infected mammalian cells. Here we show that infectious baculoviruses...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Efrose R,Swevers L,Iatrou K

更新日期：2010-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to identify porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)-encoded proteins that are responsible for the inhibition of TNF-α expression and the mechanism(s) involved in this phenomenon. Using a TNF-α promoter reporter system, the non-structural protein 1 (Nsp1) was found to...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Subramaniam S,Kwon B,Beura LK,Kuszynski CA,Pattnaik AK,Osorio FA

更新日期：2010-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The HPIV2 V protein inhibits type I interferon (IFN) induction and signaling. To manipulate the V protein, whose coding sequence overlaps that of the polymerase-associated phosphoprotein (P), without altering the P protein, we generated an HPIV2 virus in which P and V are expressed from separate genes (rHPIV2-P+V). rH...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Schaap-Nutt A,D'Angelo C,Amaro-Carambot E,Nolan SM,Davis S,Wise SM,Higgins C,Bradley K,Kim O,Mayor R,Skiadopoulos MH,Collins PL,Murphy BR,Schmidt AC

更新日期：2010-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Endogenous feline leukemia viruses (enFeLVs) occur in the germ lines of the domestic cat and related wild species (genus Felis). We sequenced the long terminal repeats and part of the env region of enFeLVs in domestic cats and five wild species. A total of 305 enFeLV sequences were generated across 17 individuals, dem...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Polani S,Roca AL,Rosensteel BB,Kolokotronis SO,Bar-Gal GK

更新日期：2010-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is widely spread in the human population. EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) is a transcription factor that activates viral genes and is necessary for viral replication and partitioning, which binds the EBV genome cooperatively. We identify similar EBNA1 repeat binding sites in the human genome usi...

journal_title：Virology

authors： d'Hérouël AF,Birgersdotter A,Werner M

更新日期：2010-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:CD8(+) T-lymphocytes from HIV-1 infected individuals express unidentified factors that suppress viral replication by inhibiting HIV-1 gene expression. We examined the role of epigenetics in modulating the HIV-1 suppressive factors expressed by primary CD8(+) T cells from subjects naturally controlling virus replicatio...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Saunders KO,Freel SA,Overman RG,Cunningham CK,Tomaras GD

更新日期：2010-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In the absence of an effective vaccine against HIV, it is urgent to develop an effective alternative such as a microbicide. Single and repeated applications of MC1220 microbicide were evaluated in macaques. First, animals were given a single application of 0.5% or 1.5% MC1220-containing liposomal gel. A second group w...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Caron M,Besson G,Etenna SL,Mintsa-Ndong A,Mourtas S,Radaelli A,Morghen Cde G,Loddo R,La Colla P,Antimisiaris SG,Kazanji M

更新日期：2010-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Why some viruses establish chronic infections while others do not is poorly understood. One possibility is that the host's immune response is impaired during chronic infections and is unable to clear the virus from the host. In this report, we use a recently proposed framework to estimate the per capita killing effica...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Ganusov VV,Lukacher AE,Byers AM

更新日期：2010-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, we reported that PrP(Sc), a surrogate marker for prion disease, is associated with the cellular fraction of blood from scrapie-infected sheep using a ligand-based immunoassay. In the study reported here, we found that a subset of peripheral blood mononuclear cells is most likely to sequester PrP(Sc) during b...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Edwards JC,Moore SJ,Hawthorn JA,Neale MH,Terry LA

更新日期：2010-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Temperate coliphage P2 integrates its genome into the host chromosome upon lysogenization via a site-specific recombination event mediated by an integrase belonging to the complex family of tyrosine recombinases. The host integration site attB (BOB') is localized in the end of the cyaR gene and shares 27 nucleotides w...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Sylwan L,Frumerie C,Haggård-Ljungquist E

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Computational analysis of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) RNA sequences indicated that common FIV strains contain a rev response element (RRE) defined by a long unbranched hairpin with 6 stem-loop sub-domains, termed stem-loop A (SLA). To examine the role of the RNA secondary structure of the RRE, mutational analy...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Na H,Huisman W,Ellestad KK,Phillips TR,Power C

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flaviviruses are single-stranded positive RNA viruses that replicate through double stranded RNA (dsRNA) intermediates. These dsRNA may be recognized as pathogen-associated molecular patterns by cellular receptors including membrane-bound Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and cytosolic helicases RIG-I and MDA5. dsRNA stimul...

journal_title：Virology

authors： Baronti C,Sire J,de Lamballerie X,Quérat G

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00